Author Archives: Liza Loop

Hoping to Help – Improving local response to disasters such as California’s Valley Fire

Burned out carport and car from Valley Fire

“Interim” period of life begins, between before and after the Valley Fire

It has been 10 days now since the Valley Fire erupted in Lake County, California. I’ve been watching social media and have seen the outpouring of concern for afflicted “neighbors” from miles around the burn area. How do we help? Who do we notify to let the “authorities” know we have resources, money and personal energy to offer? I have a spare room in my dog-friendly home, an extra car, unused clothing, extra office supplies, a patient ear and a kind word or two. Who do I tell?

In the early chaos of evacuations, pet rescues and emergency feeding and sheltering I thought I would just be in the way so I have sat quietly by and held on to my urge to help. Indeed, within the first 48 hours of the fire’s outbreak on Sept. 12, Red Cross shelters were so overwhelmed with truckloads of food and piles of clothing that the request went out to stop bringing “things” and just send money. Many people tried to use Facebook and Twitter to get or give information. The instant response was heartwarming and many, many fire victims, both human and animal were helped. Today, evacuees are sifting through the ashes and trying to organize an interim period in their disrupted lives.

Volunteers at Community Market in Sebastopol pack donated food for delivery to Valley Fire shelters

Volunteers at Community Market in Sebastopol pack donated food for delivery to Valley Fire shelters

We’ve seen other disasters and we know that there will be delays in insurance payments and relief assistance, bureaucratic snafus, denied and disputed claims, uncountable frustrated tempers flaring in uncoordinated relief offices across the state and even the country for months to come. It has been 10 years since Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans and some families are still living “interim” lives. Now that the dramatic photos of flaming houses, crying children and singed, bewildered animals have been replaced by images of drowning Syrian refugees, much of the initial outpouring of public compassion may have drained away. Many would-be helpers are feeling relieved that the benevolent, authoritative hands of government and large-scale relief agencies such as the Red Cross are caring for those we wanted to rush in and support just a fortnight ago. Local agencies such as Lake County Local Assistance Center are making a valiant effort but they were not evident to outsiders a week ago and it took me days to find them. Perhaps, in the aftermath of dramatic disasters such as the Valley Fire, private, sustained, coordinated contribution is needed as much, if not more, than it was 10 days ago.

With this thought in mind (and my extra room still unoccupied) I again sallied into cyberspace to try to connect with a few individuals whose burdens might be lightened by my modest resource sharing. To cut to the chase, I fear I’ve failed. I did find one voice at the end of a phone line who took down my name, phone number and offer of a room. FYI, this was Shelter Care Hotline: 707-262-1090. Perhaps my information will find a circuitous route to a person and a dog who need it. With luck it will reach someone with whom I can stand to cohabit for more than a day or two while he or she traverses that interim between former and future settled existence.

While I wait for a response I’ll continue to share my ideas are about how we might create a more effective, efficient local disaster response infrastructure — via this blog in several more posts. This is a resource distribution problem and all the tools for an immediately deployable, just-in-time supply chain utility are available in both business and the military. We need to use these technologies to create a public/private collaboration, ready to be activated when the next inevitable, local emergency strikes. This way, when that emotional punch-in-the-stomach hits me – when I see my neighbor in trouble and automatically reach out saying “how can I help?” – there will be an answer. Send canned goods here. Show up to volunteer there.

Found terrier seeks fire displaced owner

Found terrier seeks fire displaced owner

Describe the skills you’re offering on this list. Post a picture of the frantic dog you are feeding and where to find him at this URL. Enter your temporary housing opportunity here. Throw your unique ideas into the bin over there. The time to get organized is before the disaster, not during it. And no, I couldn’t find such a response infrastructure at the Red Cross. If it exists it’s a very well-kept secret. Whether we find a workable utility someone else has built and simply publicize it, or build a new one, this is a task society needs done — now. We’re talking one, central, web site with several empty databases to be replicated for specific incident use, that can be filled with local resources when needed. It won’t take a lot of people to build it but it will take everyone in “the crowd” to spread the word once we have the prototype. Information technology can’t solve all of humanity’s problem but this is one that we can nail. I want it in place very, very soon. After all, the next fire, flood or explosion may happen on my street!

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LOGO Programming: It’s fascinating but does it change lives? – A 40 year question

New video on Jamaican girls using LOGO

The comment by Artemis Papert in this video (at minute 3:40) is key. These girls are learning how to approach a problem and segment it into solvable chunks. Bravo! But we are still making major educational decisions on the basis of anecdotal evidence. We have now been using LOGO with kids for over 40 years. Where are the longitudinal studies to tell us what the outcomes have been in these children’s lives? It’s not enough just to notice that kids enjoy the activity, can generate artistic displays or to claim that it “works”. We need evidence of whether learning to code in this way correlates with changes in future education, work and leisure activities. The studies must be “goal free”. In other words, the research design cannot be biased so that negative findings are suppressed. Although I am a strong advocate for everyone to learn the rudiments of programming, I still want evidence that indicates that the proposition “there is no relationship between exposure to programming in LOGO and desired educational outcomes” is false.

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Networked Passivity – We sit by and watch California burn

I’m sitting in my house next to a tinder-dry forest staring in horror at my computer screen, watching the Valley Fire devastate the communities of Cobb and Middletown less than an hour’s drive away. In vain I tweet: What should I be doing to help my neighbors?

A piece of bread

Where should I take food, blankets, tents? Does a family need a place to stay? Do you need in-person volunteers? But, with all this wonderful interactive media, all I’m getting back are more sensational pictures narrated by ernest newscasters bent on causing my heart to race while my muscles remain limp.

We’re missing an important opportunity here. We have the technology to communicate about local emergencies within minutes of a fire, explosion or other catastrophic event. All of us can contribute either physical labor, intellectual problem solving, or money — but we shouldn’t descend, en masse, on a chaotic scene and demand to be told how to help. Instead we should have buckets ready to receive donated goods to be deployed to the disaster location. (Yes, there’s always the Red Cross but did you hear about their fiasco over funds given for Haiti relief?) We could have a “job bank” set up, ready to be activated immediately to direct volunteers to places where their skills can be best used. And any organization that wants to funnel money for relief should have its nonprofit status and FRFUpdate-791x1024other bona fides in place and available so people can give money with confidence that it will actually reach the intended beneficiaries. These conduits for good deeds need to be in place before the devastating event, not after when authorities are overwhelmed protecting life and limb.

Maybe the disaster relief infrastructure I’m looking for already exists but it certainly isn’t easy to find on this sunny, Sunday afternoon. And if it does exist, why isn’t the media telling me about it? I don’t need a gazillion photographs of burning buildings, Facebook posts about praying for victims, or frantic tweets asking whether a particular house is still standing. I need a constructive channel for my energy and my sympathy. It’s a resource allocation problem. If Uber and AirBNB can mobilize the “sharing economy” we can use the same technology to help our neighbors in distress.

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A Plague on Online Advertising I Say!

One of the organizations I serve as a Board Member, SHS, recently suggested mounting an email fund raising campaign. Below is my reply to my fellow Board Members.

SHSBanner

“Dear All,

In this age of the internet, my personal response to online advertising is particularly negative. I always block messages from individuals and organizations that send me multiple appeals to give or to buy. I don’t click on ads that decorate the web pages I visit even if I am actually interested in the product. I generally don’t return to sites that mix ads with content in a way that makes it difficult for the reader to tell the difference. I don’t visit news feeds and blogs that cover more than 15% of the screen space with unrelated images or text. This is my way of voting with my dollars and my patronage. It is so easy for advertisers to barrage the public with unchosen messages that I believe we’ll gradually lose the ability to avoid them if we YIVOimagedon’t fight back now. I would be very disappointed if SHS engaged in this practice. Even though the YIVO appeal is quite visually attractive, it is still advertising. This practice might appear to be successful at first but, IMHO, it will backfire in the long run.

I will support our strategy of making personal contact with potential sponsors by phone, snail-mail and personal email. I am also ok with “user-pull” strategies such as including small buttons on web pages that reveal the ad or appeal only when the visitor clicks on it. If we decide we need to be in more frequent contact with potential supporters, we might consider sending out single SHS Newsletter articles monthly. Each article could carry a donate button. This mailing would work like a free subscription service and should also carry a subscription cancellation button. Without that option we risk forcing resisters such as myself to block all communication from us so that we can not reach them, even occasionally. When users block our communication channel everybody loses: users can no longer receive the messages they do want from us and our overall readership decreases.

Let’s think this process through before we embark on a funding campaign that will hurt us down the road.”

How do your  organizations use the internet for fund raising?

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THE DIGITAL BOUNDARIES OF SHARING

 

THE DIGITAL BOUNDARIES OF SHARING

The following article is reblogged from Paula Bialski’s blog

As a sociologist plopped into an interdisciplinary environment run mainly by media philosophers and media historians (Digital Cultures Research Lab where I’ve been working for the past year [2014]), I was surrounded by questions that made me re-think the way in which basic social problems come to exist. The problem I was recently trying to unpack was one of sharing – a sociological (as well as economic and anthropological) problem which can be linked to all sorts of notions of kinship, gift-giving, markets, trust, friendship, and reciprocity, among others. I stumbled across the idea of sharing and reciprocity during my doctoral work, where I spent a few years conducting ethnography with couchsurfers and ride-sharers who told me a bit or two about the values of reciprocity, and what sharing was really all about. But along came these media studies and software studies nerds and told me that media, interfaces, and software, as well as the geeks who make such software, do indeed largely contribute to what is being shared, with whom, and for what purposes. If anybody out there has suggestions on great ways of unpacking the technological infrastructure that influences our social practices – (STS folks, ANT folks, software studies folks?) – let me know.

So, Paula, here are some thoughts from Liza about sharing and computing.

1) Information, specifically digital stuff, is categorically different from the kinds of stuff we used to learn about in physics and philosophy. Matter, or physical stuff, has weight and takes up space. If you move it from one place to another it is gone from the first location.

A piece of bread

A piece of bread is a physical object

It takes time to move it over a distance. If I give you a diamond ring I don’t have it any more. To share it with you I must either give up my possession of it or divide it in some way so that it is a fundamentally different object and the original is destroyed. It makes sense to sell such stuff because when I transfer it to you I experience a loss.

Concepts, or abstract stuff, like love, beauty, honor and evil, are, well, abstract, they have no physical existence. They can be shared infinitely. Perhaps they have no meaning or existence if they are not shared by sentient beings. The quantity, the number of experiences of each concept, increases when they are shared. Their value, in the economic sense, is incalculable. What about information, a computer program or a poem or a bank account balance? These are patterns carried on a physical medium (say, a disk drive) but infinitely replicable. A copy is just as good as the original and the cost of making and transmitting the copy is negligible compared to the cost of creating the first one. Once I’ve created a computer program or a poem I lose nothing by sharing it — well, the bank account may be a red herring. More on that later.

My point is that we need to explore the conventions of reciprocity for information to see if we want different rules to apply to it — rules different from those we use for matter and abstract ideas. Our contemporary conventions surrounding ownership, copyrights, trademarks, patents, trade secrets, user licensing and fair use are not working very well in this new information age. They may actually be inhibiting large sections of the world population from benefiting from this kind of “wealth”.

2) You say (above) “media, interfaces, and software, as well as the geeks who make such software, do indeed largely contribute to what is being shared, with whom, and for what purposes.” This is true when you are looking at the mechanics of sharing physical stuff (e.g. ebay that facilitates the exchange goods) or services that are physically limited stuff (a night’s occupancy of a couch or transportation of a person from Berlin to London). A more profound instance of sharing is encountered when the “stuff” is infinitely reproducible information that gains value in proportion to the number of people who use it.

3) The geeks you mention spend their lives creating and sharing information, the nonphysical stuff that they still have even after they give it away or sell it.

Geeks from Getty images. Men and women gathered in front of a large computer monitor

Geeks probably sharing information

Even if they aren’t thinking consciously about it, these folks — IT folks — are living in a world where the consequences of sharing and reciprocity are fundamentally different from our familiar market system of exchanging goods and services. Their limitations are not based on physical space, natural resources, time and cost of transportation, or cost of manufacture. Rather, their resources are individual brainpower, shared know-how, access to computing equipment (which is becoming exponentially cheaper and more available) and installed base of users. The only scarce resource is their mental labor which they usually delight in exercising. Two consequences of this situation are the open source software movement and its companion, open educational resources. Our producer-consumer society is struggling to figure out how to integrate these and similar developments without causing major disruption to our existing distribution systems.

 

Paula, IMHO, if we want to unpack “the technological infrastructure that influences our social practices” we would do well to expand on these three themes and incorporate them into our theoretical frame. I expect that others in your Digital Cultures Research Lab are already discussing these points. Perhaps we could encourage them to share their work with the academically-unwashed, English-speaking public by contributing to this blog and yours.

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Girls, Coding and History

Whirlwind Computer, 1951 with 3 men and 1 woman

Whirlwind Computer, 1951

The article,

Innovators Assemble: Ada Lovelace, Walter Isaacson, and the Superheroines of Computing

featured in the latest online issue of the Communications of the ACM got me to thinking…

What’s keeping girls out of computing today?

I invite you to consider two differences between the social circumstances under which the historical female programmers/operators in the article got into computing and the path we are encouraging girls to follow today. Although Lovelace is an exception, most of the war-years computer women had already left school before they started to work with machines. They may have demonstrated math or mechanical ability earlier but they received their computer training on the job. There were no computer classes in high schools, colleges or universities. (Lovelace was tutored privately so she, too, did not learn math in a crowded classroom).

Fast forward to today and our campaigns to get girls into coding. To qualify for a job in this field, girls will have had to brave co-ed classrooms with cliques of boys who pick on geeky girls and cliques of non-geeky girls who are likely to be even more punishing. The pressure against geekiness was even present, although probably less harsh, during my own personal experience in an all girls private high-school.

10 kids, about 2nd grade, in modern computer classroom.

Boys still on one side, girls on the other

At the 1979 computer literacy project, ComputerTownUSA!, initiated by Bob Albrecht and Ramon Zamora, we found that we had to plan “girls only” events to keep the boys from crowding the girls away from the keyboard. This says nothing about aptitude for the task but does suggest that some “affirmative action” is necessary to create an environment in which most girls will be willing to learn computing.

A second difference in social context is the war effort during the 1940s. Then, women moved into many male-dominated occupations and were considered patriots because the boys were at the front.

It was an era of full-employment when all hands (and minds) were needed regardless of gender. Today’s climate of unemployment and downward wage pressure amplifies competition which sometime emerges as sexist rationale. Those who dominate a field, in this case, white males, are likely to use any excuse to make the classroom and workplace inhospitable to competitors. Highlighting historic women technologists and contemporary female role models can go a long way toward encouraging today’s girls to aspire to STEM careers. In addition, we need to create work environments where boys and men, who are still brought up with an ethic that they should be bringing home the bacon, are not moved or permitted to harass girls and women in order to protect their own status.

Poster of 1940's woman in red bandana using an electric drill

Patriots.

 

Of course, this essay doesn’t solve the problem. But we do an injustice to young women if we use historical figures to encourage them to enter the fray and don’t point out that they face some significantly different challenges from their forebears.

I’d like to hear your ideas about how we can get more girls and women involved in the creative side of computing and even whether you think this is a good idea. The form below will help continue the conversation.

 

 

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Rules/Goals for education – Response to Joel

Joel Josephson is a member of the Learning without Frontiers Group on LinkedIn. He describes himself as follows:

“an uneducated educator, he never went to university but today is involved in initiating European Union education projects that are targeted at creating learning systems and methodologies for the future education of children.”

In April 2013 he spoke at a TedX on education. (“Joel’s talk” )

In late July he posted on the LinkedIn group: “8 rules for education

Joel lists:

1. Autonomy
2. Personal relevance
3. Collaboration
4. Self-criticism
5. Autodidacts
6. Creative and emotional
7. No stress
8. Parents

I replied: Nice set of goals, Joel. I look forward to visiting you other postings to see whether you address how to implement these. I have a number of suggestions in case you are looking for more ideas. Please let me know.

Also, perhaps one more goal would be helpful to add to your list for young learners: being aware of one’s own learning modality strengths and weaknesses. By this I mean that even 4, 5 and 6 year olds can become conscious of whether they acquire information faster and retain it longer by looking at still pictures, videos (with or without audio), audio only or spoken live. The same type of differentiation can be explored within the medium of text as soon as they learn to read. When learning a motor skill children can understand whether they prefer to watch a demonstration first or jump right in to the activity. They also can pace themselves in terms of how far to break a task down into small steps. With mastery of these parameters of their own learning in hand youngsters can more effectively decrease their stress and become the autodidacts you admire.

–     –     –    –     –     –

I find social media to be a good screening device for locating people who have interests similar to mine. But I’m always disappointed by the difficulty of having a serious discussion using these communication tools. Joel’s comments are tantalizing but lack the detail I look for to understand how his ideas might be implemented in real world schools. Of course, he has given us links to his TED talk and his blog. Still, I want dialog, no, I want multilog.  I want to put my ideas together with those of other people so we can generate a document or product that someone can use after we’ve hashed out the details.

Wikis were designed to do just this kind of collaborative work. Sadly, even though the platform is quite flexible, my experience is that very few people are willing to engage on a wiki and the ones I start end up more like blogs — I write a lot and occasionally someone adds a brief comment.

Perhaps I’m seeing the result of not enough of Joel’s #3 and a little too much of his #4. Is there a better collaborative platform out there that I’ve missed?

 

 

For more on Joel, see: https://www.linkedin.com/groupItem?view=&gid=3141501&type=member&item=5903577365379837952&qid=47f489e3-292f-46e8-b356-415c38d03f0b&trk=groups_most_recent-0-b-ttl&goback=.gde_3141501_member_22653084.gmr_3141501

 

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I love open source people!

I just had two awesome conversations with folks who work with CiviCRM, an open-source, constituency relations management platform.  Each of these young gentlemen was knowledgeable, cordial, helpful and imaginative.  Of course they would be — they donate a portion of their work time and know-how to support free software used by nonprofit organizations world-wide.

The challenge of the “open” movement is how to generously participate in the “sharing economy” without starving in a world dominated by “the dismal science” (economics – meaning a money economy).  The fundamental assumption of economic theory is “scarcity” — that to have economic value there must be a shortage or limited supply of something.  Economic theories do not apply in a context of abundance and we modern folks have forgotten that  economic value is not the only kind.  We live in an abundant place and time in human history — we have mental and physical energy to spare.  Most of us are so blind to this that we tend to hoard our goods and services. Even if abundance threatens we create artificial shortages.  If I give away the surplus zucchini my garden produces the local grocer will complain that I’m destroying the market that creates his livelihood.  He’s right.  Moving away from scarcity economics will require major adjustments in the way we think about wealth and interact as a society.

Curiously, it’s the folks at the top and the bottom of the money economy spectrum who are most likely to discover the non-economic, sharing economy.  Those at the bottom don’t have any money so they can’t participate fully in the market system and must find other ways of surviving.  Those at the top often discover that they can’t take their accumulated wealth with them and their kids are already sated so they’d better start sharing.

Luckily there are a growing number of people in the middle who are waking up to the idea that openly giving away goods and services, sharing, bartering and exchanging freely, enriches their lives in ways that money can’t. I just met two of them. Eventually I’ll pay them for some of their services.  But the bedrock of our relationships will be the knowledge that giving freely of their surplus energy is likely to generate more rewards than holding out for a higher bidder.  I’ll be richer for my collaboration with them and you can bet I’ll make sure they are too.

 

 

 

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